En notificaciones de casos, as como en estudios epidemiolgicos, se ha descrito el MDI como causante de dermatitis ocupacional, sensibilizacin cutnea y asma. Flexible molded foam and slabstock. The challenge with acetone did not produce any ear swelling. Chem. Boards are chosen according to the range of expertise required for a meeting and the need for balanced geographic representation. The specific antibodies declined during the 5 years after exposure. The range of particle size will vary with the application, and the method of sampling and analysis should be suited to the workplace requirement. Des tudes portant sur des ouvriers ont permis de mettre en vidence de la mthylnedianiline sous diverses formes dans leur sang et leurs urines : MDA libre, MDA actyle et adduits MDA-hmoglobine et MDA-albumine. En circunstancias normales, la exposicin del pblico general al MDI probablemente se limitar a los casos de liberacin en la atmsfera. Littorin M, Truedsson L, Welinder H, Skarping G, Martensson U, Sjoeholm AG (1994) Acute respiratory disorder, rhinoconjunctivitis and fever associated with the pyrolysis of polyurethane derived from diphenylmethane diisocyanate. This may take some time to load. Alveolar cell hyperplasia, considered preneoplastic, exhibited a concentrationresponse trend, with the incidence reaching significance in the high-exposure group. If in a solution 4,4'-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate may or may not burn depending on the nature of the material and/or the solvent. Under such heterogeneous conditions, the disappearance of PMDI shows zero-order kinetics. There have been no studies that have examined the effect of polymeric or monomeric MDI on reproductive parameters. The observed or likely fates of MDI in air, water, and soil have been described by Brochhagen & Keller (1983) and Gilbert (1988). A foundry worker who died at work had a diagnosis of occupational asthma induced by MDI assessed 5 years earlier, but had had a poor prognosis for occupational asthma and had continued to be exposed to MDI (Carino et al., 1997). All cases occurred during a 2.5-year period after exposure to a new manufacturing process using steam-heated MDI resin in a new manufacturing facility. Critical data evaluation for MAK values and classification of carcinogens. La preparacin de los documentos originales y su examen colegiado se describen en el apndice 1. (1994a), SPF Wistar rats (30 per sex per exposure level) were exposed, whole body, to PMDI (Desmodur 44V20 from Bayer AG, with monomeric MDI 52%, isocyanate content 30%) aerosol at 0, 4.1, 8.4, or 12.3 mg/m3 for 6 h per day, 5 days per week, for 13 weeks. Diphenylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate 101-68-8 30 - 60 Polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate 9016-87-9 60-100 . The mean number of MDI exposure years was 8.6, 1.1, and 0 years for group I, group II, and group III, respectively. Vols. Later, most workers who developed new symptoms were mostly exposed to heated boards. The Safe Handling of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) is a training program developed to inform employers and employees of industry best practices for t. Schuetze D, Sepai O, Lewalter J, Miksche L, Henschler D, Sabbioni G (1995) Biomonitoring of workers exposed to 4,4-methylenediamine and 4,4-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate. and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. Chemical Week, April 5, 1998, p. 37. 4,4'-MDI can be obtained by purifying the diphenylmethane diisocyanate mixture. No MDI was found in the water or in the fish after application. Many variations of MDI are commercially available . Le MDI ne provoque pas dintoxications aigus chez lanimal. Sin embargo, el MDI monomrico es soluble en octano, benceno y queroseno. A written computer-based MatLab simulation program was employed to determine the reactivities of a polymeric isocyanate. Assessing and Managing Chemicals under TSCA. Wash with plenty of soap and water. 4,4-MDI can be obtained by purifying the diphenylmethane diisocyanate mixture. 1 0 obj << /Creator (C:mark) /CreationDate (D:19980227100739Z) /Producer (Acrobat PDFWriter 2.01 for Windows) /Title (Toxicological Review for Methylene diplenyl diisocyanate \(MDI\)) /Author (U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System \(IRIS\)) /Keywords (Methylene diplenyl diisocyanate \(MDI\), IRIS) /Subject (Methylene diplenyl diisocyanate \(MDI\)) /ModDate (D:20031016131752-04'00') >> endobj 2 0 obj [ /PDF /Text /ImageB ] endobj 3 0 obj << /Pages 185 0 R /Type /Catalog /Outlines 186 0 R /PageMode /UseOutlines /Metadata 273 0 R >> endobj 4 1 obj << /Kids [ 35 0 R 38 0 R 41 0 R 44 0 R 47 0 R ] /Count 5 /Type /Pages /Parent 183 0 R >> endobj 5 1 obj [ /PDF /Text /ImageB ] endobj 6 1 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 32 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F0 8 0 R /F1 10 0 R >> /ProcSet 5 1 R >> /Contents 7 1 R >> endobj 7 1 obj << /Length 187 0 R /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream Figure 1 gives chemical structures of 4,4-MDI and PMDI, and Table 1 provides Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers of several MDI isomers and PMDI. In another study in which rats were exposed to PMDI, the NOAEL for maternal and fetal toxicity was estimated to be 4 mg/m3, based on the finding of premature deaths of pregnant females and statistically significant decreases in placental and fetal weights at 12 mg/m3. Therefore, it is difficult to quantitatively estimate risk from human exposure. Material Name: MONDUR ML Article Number: 1668416 Page: 4 of 10 Report Version: 1.7 6. Desde hace poco se dispone de un nuevo mtodo que permite determinar la composicin de mezclas complejas de isocianatos y compuestos afines suspendidos en el aire formados durante la descomposicin trmica del poliuretano mediante la produccin de derivados de los isocianatos con dibutilamina. 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. Appelman LM, de Jong AWJ, Keller J (1986) Additional studies into the presence of MDA in samples of test atmospheres containing polymeric MDI aerosol. PMDI is a dark reddish brown liquid with an indefinite melting point around 0 C and a vapour pressure of <1 mPa at 20 C. (1993) investigated nine subjects who complained of respiratory and general symptoms related to workplace exposure. It has a boiling point of >300 C at 101.3 kPa, a melting point of 3943 C (capillary method) or 40 C (differential scanning calorimetry or DSC method) (Kelly et al., 1997), and a vapour pressure of <1 mPa at 20 C (DFG, 1997). PMDI is used to make rigid and flexible foam, foundry resin sand binders, and heat insulating material. The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), established in 1980, is a joint venture of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the World Health Organization (WHO). Body weights in males of the high-concentration group were significantly depressed through week 13. At follow-up in 1981, only half of the initial cohort remained (114 males, 45 females), although no reasons were given as to why the other half left. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 82(1):5561. Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents (CICADs) are the latest in a family of publications from the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) a cooperative programme of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Pezzini A, Riviera A, Paggiaro P, Spiazzi A, Gerosa F, Filieri M, Toma G, Tridente G (1984) Specific IgE antibodies in twenty-eight workers with diisocyanate-induced bronchial asthma. Lune de ces tudes, base sur lutilisation de MDI radiomarqu, a montr quune certaine proportion de MDI se rpartit dans lorganisme sous une forme ou sous une autre, essentiellement dans les poumons, les reins, les muscles et les voies digestives. This result has been accounted for as follows: MDA is formed only slowly at neutral pH and reacts rapidly with excess MDI to yield oligoureas and polyureas; MDI aerosols can form a shell of polyurea on the surface of the droplets, and this shell prevents further reaction of the enclosed MDI (Mann, 1987). Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 33:143153. Les rsultats de cette tude, permettent de retenir - en dehors de tout effet cancrogne - la valeur de 0,19 mg/m3 pour la dose sans effet nocif observable (NOAEL) et de 0,98 mg/m3 pour la dose la plus faible produisant un effet nocif observable (LOAEL). Table 2: Toxicity of MDI to terrestrial organisms.a. Los datos obtenidos en animales proporcionan indicios claros de sensibilizacin cutnea y respiratoria debida al MDI. Son point dbullition est de > 300 C 101,3 kPa et son point de fusion, de 39-43 C. PMDI is used to make rigid and flexible foam, foundry resin sand binders, and heat insulating material. Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is the generic name of a product used in industrial settings. Both positive and negative results were obtained when monomeric MDI dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was tested in vitro with Salmonella typhimurium. No toxic effect of MDI on the terrestrial organisms tested was observed. SOURCES OF HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE, 5. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 92(3):387396. MDI may come into contact with soil after accidental spillage during transportation or storage. However, monomeric MDI is soluble in octane, benzene, and kerosene. To generate different urea's, various primary and secondary amines were used as pre-catalysts. The International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC 0298) for MDI, produced by the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS, 1993), has also been reproduced in this document. Female Wistar rats (80 per exposure group) were exposed (whole body) to MDI in aerosol at 0.23, 0.70, or 2.05 mg/m3 (MMAD about 1 m) for 17 h per day, 5 days per week, for up to 24 months. In such atmospheres, exposure may be to unreacted MDI or to a mixture of MDI and polyols, reactants used to convert MDI to polyurethane foams. Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is a member of the diisocyanate family associated with polyurethane chemistry. MDI was used at the manufacturing plants during only the last 2 years of the study period. Spanne M, Tinnerberg H, Dalene M, Skarping G (1996) Determination of complex mixtures of airborne isocyanates and amines, Part 1. . Mancuso G, Reggiani M, Berdondini RM (1996) Occupational dermatitis in shoemakers. All patients reported experiencing subjective symptoms consisting of respiratory distress, headaches, depression, irritability, forgetfulness, decreased calculating ability, word-finding problems, reduced concentration, and significant emotional distress on an objective personality measure. Tarlo SM, Liss GM, Dias C, Banks DE (1997) Assessment of the relationship between isocyanate exposure levels and occupational asthma. Mann M (1987) Evidence for the formation of hydrate of MDI [letter to the editor]. Lyon, International Agency for Research on Cancer, pp. Authors are required to take reviewers comments into account and revise their draft, if necessary. Fax: +1 706 542 0406 Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis provides evidence that the predicted barrier heights are strongly associated with the occupation of the in-plane CO* orbital of the RNCO reactant. Analysis conducted revealed that the environmental MDI concentration was 0.05 mg/m3 or less in 273 out of 319 samples, and only 2 samples exceeded 0.2 mg/m3. Price excludes VAT (USA) . Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4'- (50C, molten) 101-68-8 . (1977), Pham et al. They are the major diisocyanates used Se bas principalmente en los exmenes de la Sociedad Japonesa de Salud Ocupacional (JSOH, 1994) y de la US EPA (1998) para la evaluacin toxicolgica y de la Unin Europea (EU, 1999) para la evaluacin ambiental. Sepai O, Henschler D, Sabbioni G (1995b) Albumin adducts, hemoglobin adducts and urinary metabolites in workers exposed to 4,4-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate. MDI is primarily used to make rigid polyurethane foams used as insulation for homes. volume29, Articlenumber:92 (2022) EPA is concerned about potential health effects that may result from exposures to the consumer or self-employed worker while using products containing uncured (unreacted) MDI and its related polyisocyanates (e.g., spray-applied foam sealants, adhesives, and coatings) or incidental exposures to the general population while such products are used in or around buildings including homes or schools. SECTION 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Int J Chem Kinet 49(9):643655, Ferst LL, Scherrer RA (1959) Mechanism of Isocyanate Reactions with Ethanol. 71). Comme il ne subsiste que peu de temps dans leau, sa solubilit dans ce solvant est purement thorique. Polym Sci Ser A 48(4):382387, Nagy T et al (2015) New insight into the kinetics of diisocyanate-alcohol reactions by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The reader is referred to EHC 1701 for advice on the derivation of health-based tolerable intakes or guidance values. The literature up to November 1998 was searched using MEDLINE to identify any new information relevant to the assessment. Ninety-five per cent of the particles had an MMAD less than 5 m; the MMAD and geometric standard deviation (in parentheses) corresponding to the exposure levels were 0, 0.68 m (2.93), 0.70 m (2.46) and 0.74 m (2.31), respectively. Initially, workers developed symptoms related to the process with possible higher MDI exposures and probable higher resin temperatures. Under normal circumstances, exposure is likely only from releases to the atmosphere. Only one pulmonary adenocarcinoma (10 mm in size) was observed in one male exposed to this concentration. 251; NIH Publication No. Mutation research, 438:109123. MDA has also been studied for carcinogenicity by oral administration. 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Los documentos originales y su examen colegiado se describen en el apndice 1 is a member of high-concentration... Heterogeneous conditions, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters after application mda also!